Hunter Valley History
30,000 | Wonnarua ‘people of the hills and plains’ were the first inhabitants of the (Coquun) Hunter Valley. |
1797 | The first sighting of the Hunter River by European settlers, discovered by chance by Lieutenant John Shortland. |
1820 | First overland route to the Hunter, discovered by John Howe. A road-way was constructed along the path from Windsor to Singleton in 1823, now known as the Putty Road. With the arrival of free settlers agricultural and pastoral activities rapidly grew to rank with timber and mining in economic importance and it was at this point that wine grapes were first introduced to the Hunter Valley. |
1823 | By 1823 some 20 acres of vineyards had already been planted.
The early pioneers of the Hunter Valley’s long winemaking history were George Wyndham of Dalwood, William Kelman at Kirkton and James King of Irrawang. The Hunter Valley’s future was further assisted by the arrival of amateur viticulturalist James Busby, who arrived back in the Hunter Valley from Europe with some 500 vine cuttings. |
1826 – 1836 | The first road was built by convicts between 1826 & 1836 with many of the original-built features still visible when travelling along Tourist Route 33 to Wollombi. This project was recognised as the single most significant civil engineering project in the first century of the colony’s history. |
1840 |
By 1840 the Hunter Valley’s registered vineyard area exceeded 500 acres.
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Late 19th Century | From these beginnings, the Hunter Valley flourished, with several families establishing vineyards in the area. The Tyrrell, Wilkinson and Drayton families’ history all started in the latter part of the 19th Century as did the viticultural pursuits of Dr Henry Lindeman. |
1930 | A number of qualified winemakers enhanced the Hunter Valley’s reputation in Sydney and Melbourne, led by the famous Maurice O’Shea of Mount Pleasant, the father of Australian table wine. At Lindeman’s Ben Ean winery, two pioneer winemakers helped establish the reputation of the Hunter Valley, Hans Mollenhauer and Karl Stockhausen. |
Late 1930's | The late 1930's saw a decline in vineyard activity due to the depression and war along with the public’s general preferences for fortified wines, produced more cheaply in other vineyard areas. Some winemakers, such as Maurice O’Shea and the Tyrrells pursued their passion for fine table wine ensuring the Hunter Valley wines were not forgotten. |
1950 & 60's | It was at this time that the market saw a change, with fine dry table wines gaining popularity and the wine industry once again flourishing. |
1963 | Dr Max Lake established Lake’s Folly, the first new vineyard planted in the nineteen hundreds, marking the beginning of a great flurry of development. A proliferation of boutique wineries ensued which is still characterising the Hunter Valley today. |
1974 |
The first accommodation property was established in the Hunter Valley. With some of the most spectacular views in the Hunter Valley; Elfin Hill is still in operation today. |
Present | Today the Hunter Valley is one of the Australia’s most well-known wine regions in Australia and throughout the world. The Hunter Valley has produced many fine, world recognised wines and with over 150 wineries, 65 restaurants and 180 accommodation properties, the Hunter Valley has become a tourism mecca for food and wine lovers alike. |
The Hunter Valley’s enviable heritage of trailblazing viticulturists, winemaking dynasties and iconic wines, is where great Australian grape growing and winemaking all began. The valley’s first small vineyard plots of about 20 acres were planted on the Northern banks of the Hunter River trade route in the early 1820’s. Australia’s first families of wine soon branched out into the surrounding hill country with more than 500 acres of vines and by the roaring ‘20s, had become the bastion of premium wine production.
James Busby, introduced to the Hunter region around 500 vine cuttings sourced from collections and private plantings in South America and Europe, including several cuttings of Syrah from the Hermitage hill in the Rhône region of South France. Upon his initial arrival in the Colony, Busby was accompanied by his sister, Catherine, who later wed William Kelman—a fellow passenger. They became pioneers, securing one of the earliest official land grants at Kirkton on the Hunter River, near present-day Morpeth.
By 1840, the registered vineyard area in the Hunter Valley had expanded to over 500 acres.
Dr. Henry Lindeman emigrated to Australia and quickly earned a reputation for making exceptional wines. He was joined by four prominent wine families, namely the Drayton's, Tulloch's, Tyrrell's, and Wilkinson's, who together helped establish vineyards in the region through the mid to late 1800’s.
By the year 1930, the collective efforts of these pioneering wine families, coupled with the contributions of a young Maurice O'Shea, had propelled the Pokolbin area in the Hunter Valley into the spotlight for crafting high-quality table wines. This revolution in wine styles stemmed from new vineyard plantings such as the Tyrrell's HVD Chardonnay vineyard followed by the Mount Pleasant Lovedale Semillon Vineyard. This recognition was particularly noteworthy in a time when fortified wines held widespread popularity.
Nearly 200 years down that winding country road and the pioneering spirit of Hunter Valley Wine Country lives on in an unrivalled class of skilled viticulturists and their winemaking counterparts who are unafraid of pushing boundaries to achieve distinctive wines that are rich in character and regional authenticity, vintage after vintage.
To this day, a handful of Hunter Valley estates are privileged to still produce sublime wines from 11 historic blocks of the original plantings, on ancient European root stocks that came over with the First Fleet. These vineyards are all the more rare for having remained unscathed by an outbreak of phylloxera in the late 1800’s which decimated 70% of Europe’s vineyards, making the vines some of the oldest in the world. You can get your hands on coveted, old vine Hunter Valley Shiraz, Semillon and Chardonnay wines, straight from the source, at Drayton’s Wines, Mount Pleasant, Poole’s Rock and Tyrrell’s.
The more you discover about Hunter Valley wine, the more you’ll appreciate our torchbearers’ legacy of great Australian winemaking, in every satisfying glass of Hunter Valley wine.
HERE'S TO THE GOOD LIFE - HUNTER VALLEY
With more than 150 wineries, restaurants aplenty, sweeping landscapes and mobs of Kangaroos - and just a two-hour drive North of Sydney - the Hunter Valley is a fabulous holiday destination, whether it's a sneaky weekender or a full-on fortnight.
There’s just so much to love about Australia’s oldest wine region – the epic wines, of course; the bevy of paddock to plate produce; the forward-thinking chefs who plate it up; the plush accommodation spots to stay; the stunning scenery and the fun festivals where you can party hardy!
Then there’s the close-knit community of wine lovers, eager to share the Hunter Valley way of life with you. Come, treat yourself to a country getaway like no other.
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Travel Trade
Hunter Valley Wine & Tourism Association (HVWTA) is the official and accredited Local Tourism Association charged with the responsibility of marketing the Hunter Valley wine region of New South Wales. Our organisation provides support and planning assistance to inbound operators, wholesalers, retails agents and the media.
Our organisation can assist with FIT, group, conference and incentive programmes and we can assist with building itineraries suited to these markets. We are committed to ensuring that the travel trade has the appropriate tools and resources required to actively sell and promote the Hunter Valley - birthplace of Australian wine.
HVWTA works closely with Destination NSW, Tourism Australia and the Australian Tourism Export Council in order to showcase the best of the Hunter Valley to the travel trade.
Should you require further assistance please click here.
RESOURCE CENTRE
This resource centre is designed to assist the travel trade in sourcing suitable internationally ready product for their markets and to raise awareness of the Hunter Valley internationally.
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